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Indenture of John Johnson

City & Parish of New Orleans

This Indenture made the twelfth day of August, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and seventeen.

Witnesseth. That John Johnson a free Negro aged eighteen years, born in the State of New York, with the consent and approbation of the Mayor of New Orleans, for and in consideration of a sum of One Hundred and fifty two Dollars paid by Mr N. W. Wheeler for obtaining his freedom, and for divers other good causes hath bound and put himself servant to the said N. W. Wheeler to serve him, his executors and assigns, from the day of the date hereof, for and during the term of four years next ensuing, during all which term the said servant his said master, his executors and assigns, faithfully shall serve, and that honestly and obediently in all things as a good and dutiful servant ought to do; and the said Master, his executors and assigns during the said term, shall find and provide for the said John Johnson sufficient meat, drink, apparel and lodging; and medical aid in case of sickness.

In Witness Whereof the Parties have hereunto signed their names, and affixed their respective seals, at New Orleans the day, month and year first above written.

John Johnson
his X mark

N. W. Wheeler

Signed and Sealed in the Presence of Charles Maurian
[illegible signature]

Approved
Aug. Macarty mayor

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Gradual Abolition Laws, Race, and Freedom in the Early Republic This module highlights the complexities of gradual abolition legislation in the Early Republic, focusing on a lawsuit to reestablish the freedom of an African American teenager from New York City named John Johnson. Johnson's experience demonstrates the new opportunities and distinct challenges that gradual abolition laws created for African Americans.